|
|
| Строка 174: |
Строка 174: |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| ==H== | | ==Х== |
| {{pagetop}} | | {{pagetop}} |
| {| border="1px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" style="font-size: 100%;" | | {| border="1px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" style="font-size: 100%;" |
| !Word | | !Термин |
| !Definition | | !Определение |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''[[Hadith]]''' | | |'''Хадисы''' |
| |The Hadith are traditions of Muhammad, giving us important information about his life. They are usually narrations about a certain incident in which he said or did something. This is how Muslims determine the Sunnah (Muhammad's way of life.) It is key to Islam since Muslims are commanded to obey Muhammad and emulate him. In fact, four out of five of Islam’s Pillars would not exist without the Hadith, therefore making Islam impossible to practice. | | |Хади́с (араб. الحديث)— изречение (кауль), одобрение (такрир), образ (васфи) или действие (филь) пророка Мухаммада, сумма которых образует Сунну, являющуюся авторитетной для всех мусульман и составляющую одну из основ шариата. Хадисы передавались посредством сподвижников пророка. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''[[Hajj]]''' | | |'''Хадж''' |
| |Annual (and often dangerous) pilgrimage to the [[Ka'aba]] in Mecca in order to participate in [[Pagan_Origins_of_Islam|pagan rituals]], some of them involving the [[Black Stone|black stone]]. | | |Хадж (араб. حَجّ) — паломничество, связанное с посещением Мекки (Масджид аль-Харам) и её окрестностей (гора Арафат, долины Муздалифа и Мина) в определённое время. Хадж является пятым столпом ислама после Шахады, молитвы (намаз), налога (закят) и поста (саум). |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''Halal''' | | |'''Халяль''' |
| |What is permitted if not mandatory. It defines all that is good or acceptable for a Muslim. | | |Так называют все то,что является дозволенным. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''Hanif''' | | |'''Ханиф''' |
| |An Arabic term that refers to pre-Islamic non-Jewish or non-Christian Arabian monotheists. Many Qur'anic verses talk about Ibrahim (Abraham) the Hanif (i.e. apostate of idolatry). | | |Арабское название,говорящее о до-исламских монотеистах, живших в Аравии. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''Haraam''' | | |'''Харам''' |
| |(opposite of halal); sinful; unlawful; forbidden | | |Все то,что запрещено и недозволенно |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''Harbi''' | | |'''Харбий''' |
| |A non-Muslim living in an area regarded as ''Dar Al-harb,'' the 'domain of war,' in which Islam does not dominate and must therefore be fought until Islam dominates it. | | |Немусульманин, живущий на территории Дар эль-Харб |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''[[Hijab]]''' | | |'''Хиджаб''' |
| |Observance of Hijab by female Muslims can consist of the Jilbāb; any long and loose-fitting garment, the Khimar; a scarf or wrap (often referred to simply as 'hijab') used to cover the head and neck, and the Niqāb; a piece of cloth which veils the face. | | |Мусульманская одежда для женщины,в которой закрыто все,кроме лица. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''Hijra''' | | |'''Хиджра''' |
| |Due to growing animosity between the pagan and Muslim Meccans in 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers fled to Medina, marking the beginning of the Hijra (Migration) era of the Islamic lunar calender and Muhammad's metamorphosis from a preacher to a political and military leader. | | | Хи́джра (араб. هجرة буквально — переселение). В Коране — переселение пророка Мухаммеда из Мекки в Медину. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''[[Honor Related Violence|Honor Killings]]''' | | |'''Хубал''' |
| |The 'right' of a family to wash its spoiled 'honor' by the 'misconduct' of another family member. This misbehaving includes being raped, thus loosing her hymen to a stranger, among the most horrible thing possible in an Islamic mindset. Refusing to engage into an arranged marriage is also such a dishonor. Said not to be Islamic by western apologists only, but understood by Muslims as the correct application of many Qur'anic verses: Q.24.31 (-Chr.102-); 33.32-36 59 (-Chr.90-); 65.1-6 (-Chr.95-); 66.5 (-Chr107-) and 4.34 (-Chr.92-). | | |Бог Луны у арабских язычников. |
| |- | | |- |
| |'''[[Hubal]]''' | | |'''Хуррия''' |
| |A moon god worshipped at Mecca by the pre-Islamic Arabians | | | В переводе с арабского-свобода |
| |-
| |
| |'''[[History_of_Jihad_Against_the_Arabs#Giving_Offence_.28not_Pre-emption.29.2C_a_Quranic_Principle|Hudna]]'''
| |
| | Arabic term meaning a temporary "truce" or "armistice". The prophet made a [[Treaty of Hudaybiyyah|ten-year treaty]] with the Quraysh. Two years later though it was broken unilaterely to strike the Quraysh and Muhammad entered Mecca. Since that time the term “Hudna” designates a strategic cessation of hostilities, which has alone the sense of a forced misalignment.
| |
| |-
| |
| |'''[[Hurriyya]]'''
| |
| | Arabic term corresponding to the word 'freedom'. However, it was defined by the philosopher Ibn Arabi (d. 1240) as "perfect slavery to Allah". According to the late American scholar of Islam, Franz Rosenthal (d. 2003), Islamic culture historically has nothing corresponding to the Western concept of freedom.
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |} | | |} |